Isolating the particle components first using these processes may reduce the volume of downstream water treatment processes like filtration. This can increase the settling area by two-fold resulting in a decrease in the solids loading in the overflow.īy conducting coagulation and flocculation processes to cause finely suspended particles to clump together and form larger and denser particles that settle more quickly and stably, prior to the sedimentation process in the clarifier, allows the separation of particles in the clarifier to occur more efficiently and easily – aiding in the conservation of energy. One option for integrating incline plate clarifiers into existing plants is for conventional or sludge blanket clarifiers to be upgraded by attaching a bundle of inclined plates or tubes before the overflow in the so-called “clear water zone”. Incline plate clarifiers can be integrated into the treatment process or stand-alone units can be used to increase the flow through existing water treatment plants. The most common wastewater application for incline plate clarifiers is as part of the tertiary treatment stage. Incline plate clarifiers are also used in the municipal wastewater treatment processes. This is a huge cost saving measure both in purchasing chemicals and limiting damage to the membrane, as membranes do not work well with the large particles contained in flocculants and coagulants. Further incline plate clarifiers are able to maintain the required water quality to the membrane without the use of chemicals. Their all steel design means there is a low chance that part of the inclined plate will chip off and be carried over into membrane, especially when compared to tube settlers which are constructed of plastic. Incline plate clarifiers are considered to be one of the best options for pre-treatment ahead of membrane filters. One specific application is as pre-treatment stage for effluent entering membrane filters. Incline plate clarifiers are ideal for applications where the solids loading is variable and solids sizing is fine and are more common than conventional clarifiers at many industrial sites due to their smaller footprint. Incline plate clarifiers can be used in a range of industries including mining and metal finishing, as well as used to treat groundwater, industrial process water and backwash from sand filters. Baffles are used to prevent fluid velocities at the tank entrance from extending into the tank and overflow weirs are used to uniformly distribute flow from liquid leaving the tank over a wide area of the surface to minimize resuspension of settling particles. Considerable attention is focused on reducing water inlet and outlet velocities to minimize turbulence and promote effective settling throughout available tank volume.
Economy favors using small tanks but if flow rate through the tank is too high, most particles will not have sufficient time to settle, and will be carried with the treated water. Tanks are sized to give water an optimal residence time within the tank. Mechanical solids removal devices move as slowly as practical to minimize resuspension of settled solids. Although sedimentation might occur in tanks of other shapes, removal of accumulated solids is easiest with conveyor belts in rectangular tanks or with scrapers rotating around the central axis of circular tanks.
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